Epidemiological Causation and Environmental Standing under the ECHR: Resolving Doctrinal Tensions After Cannavacciuolo and KlimaSeniorinnen

This paper develops a doctrinal framework for assessing epidemiological causation in environmental human rights litigation, arguing that conventional legal approaches inadequately recognise population-level and incremental harms. It proposes a structured causation model that integrates epidemiological evidence into human rights adjudication while preserving doctrinal coherence, evidentiary fairness, and judicial legitimacy.